Contents

Chapter 1

Overview

This chapter covers the core features and capabilities of Cloud DR Patterns.

Overview

This kit provides three battle-tested DR architecture patterns for AWS, each with complete CloudFormation and Terraform templates, automated failover scripts, and operational documentation. Whether you need a cost-efficient pilot light setup or a zero-downtime multi-region active-active deployment, this kit gives you the infrastructure code and decision frameworks to implement it.

What's Included

FileDescription
cloudformation/pilot-light.yamlPilot light DR pattern — minimal footprint, lowest cost
cloudformation/warm-standby.yamlWarm standby — pre-scaled secondary region
cloudformation/multi-region-active-active.yamlActive-active multi-region with Global Accelerator
cloudformation/shared-networking.yamlCross-region VPC peering and Transit Gateway
terraform/pilot-light.tfTerraform equivalent of pilot light pattern
terraform/warm-standby.tfTerraform equivalent of warm standby pattern
terraform/multi-region-active-active.tfTerraform active-active with Route 53 health checks
terraform/variables.tfShared Terraform variables for all patterns
scripts/rto_rpo_calculator.pyInteractive RTO/RPO calculator with cost modeling
scripts/failover_validator.pyPre-failover validation checks
scripts/dr_test_scheduler.pyDR test scheduling and reporting tool
docs/architecture.mdReference architecture with diagrams
docs/dr-runbook.mdStep-by-step failover/failback runbook
docs/dr-testing-guide.mdDR testing strategy and game day playbook
examples/pilot-light-params.jsonExample parameters for pilot light deployment
examples/warm-standby-params.jsonExample parameters for warm standby
examples/active-active-params.jsonExample parameters for active-active
examples/rto-rpo-requirements.jsonSample RTO/RPO requirements document

Architecture Patterns at a Glance

PatternRTORPOMonthly Cost*Best For
Pilot Light1-4 hoursMinutes~$150-400Non-critical workloads, cost-sensitive
Warm Standby10-30 minSeconds-Minutes~$800-2,000Business-critical applications
Active-Active< 1 minNear-zero~$2,000-5,000Mission-critical, zero-downtime

*Costs are estimates for a mid-size web application (2-4 EC2 instances, RDS Multi-AZ, S3).

Chapter 2

Prerequisites

Follow this guide to get Cloud DR Patterns up and running in your environment.

Prerequisites

  • AWS Account with permissions for EC2, RDS, S3, Route 53, CloudFormation, IAM
  • AWS CLI v2 configured with appropriate credentials
  • Python 3.10+ (for helper scripts — stdlib only, no pip packages)
  • Terraform >= 1.5 (if using Terraform templates)
  • Two AWS regions selected (primary + DR)

Quick Start

Step 1: Choose Your Pattern

Use the RTO/RPO calculator to determine which pattern fits:

bash
python3 scripts/rto_rpo_calculator.py

Answer the prompts about your application's availability requirements and budget. The tool recommends a pattern and estimates monthly DR cost.

Step 2: Review the Architecture

Read docs/architecture.md for the full reference architecture of your chosen pattern. Each pattern includes a Mermaid diagram, component breakdown, and trade-off analysis.

Step 3: Deploy with CloudFormation

bash
# Deploy shared networking first
aws cloudformation deploy \
  --template-file cloudformation/shared-networking.yaml \
  --stack-name dr-networking \
  --parameter-overrides file://examples/pilot-light-params.json \
  --capabilities CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM \
  --region us-east-1

# Then deploy your chosen DR pattern
aws cloudformation deploy \
  --template-file cloudformation/pilot-light.yaml \
  --stack-name dr-pilot-light \
  --parameter-overrides file://examples/pilot-light-params.json \
  --capabilities CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM \
  --region us-west-2

Step 4: Validate

bash
python3 scripts/failover_validator.py --pattern pilot-light --primary us-east-1 --dr us-west-2

Step 5: Schedule DR Tests

bash
python3 scripts/dr_test_scheduler.py --pattern pilot-light --frequency quarterly

Cost Optimization Notes

  • Pilot Light: RDS read replica is the main cost driver. Consider Aurora Serverless v2 in DR region for near-zero idle cost.
  • Warm Standby: Use smaller instance types in DR region (e.g., primary=m6i.xlarge, DR=m6i.large). Scale up during failover.
  • Active-Active: Global Accelerator adds ~$18/month + data transfer. Worth it for the health-check-based routing.
  • All Patterns: S3 cross-region replication charges per GB replicated. Use S3 Intelligent-Tiering in DR region.
  • Savings Tip: Use Reserved Instances or Savings Plans for the primary region, On-Demand for DR (since DR instances are smaller or stopped).
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